Ticket #48: a2b149cc05d2.patch

lemon/Makefile.am

@@ -35 +35 @@
         lemon/list_graph.h \
         lemon/maps.h \
         lemon/math.h \
+        lemon/max_matching.h \
         lemon/path.h \
         lemon/random.h \
         lemon/smart_graph.h \

new file lemon/max_matching.h

@@ +1 @@
+/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
+ *
+ * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2003-2008
+ * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport
+ * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).
+ *
+ * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted
+ * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For
+ * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.
+ *
+ * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,
+ * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any
+ * purpose.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef LEMON_MAX_MATCHING_H
+#define LEMON_MAX_MATCHING_H
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <queue>
+#include <set>
+#include <limits>
+
+#include <lemon/core.h>
+#include <lemon/unionfind.h>
+#include <lemon/bin_heap.h>
+#include <lemon/maps.h>
+
+///\ingroup matching
+///\file
+///\brief Maximum matching algorithms in general graphs.
+
+namespace lemon {
+
+  /// \ingroup matching
+  ///
+  /// \brief Edmonds' alternating forest maximum matching algorithm.
+  ///
+  /// This class provides Edmonds' alternating forest matching
+  /// algorithm. The starting matching (if any) can be passed to the
+  /// algorithm using some of init functions.
+  ///
+  /// The dual side of a matching is a map of the nodes to
+  /// MaxMatching::Status, having values \c EVEN/D, \c ODD/A and \c
+  /// MATCHED/C showing the Gallai-Edmonds decomposition of the
+  /// graph. The nodes in \c EVEN/D induce a graph with
+  /// factor-critical components, the nodes in \c ODD/A form the
+  /// barrier, and the nodes in \c MATCHED/C induce a graph having a
+  /// perfect matching. The number of the fractor critical components
+  /// minus the number of barrier nodes is a lower bound on the
+  /// unmatched nodes, and if the matching is optimal this bound is
+  /// tight. This decomposition can be attained by calling \c
+  /// decomposition() after running the algorithm.
+  ///
+  /// \param _Graph The graph type the algorithm runs on.
+  template <typename _Graph>
+  class MaxMatching {
+  public:
+
+    typedef _Graph Graph;
+    typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<typename Graph::Arc>
+    MatchingMap;
+
+    ///\brief Indicates the Gallai-Edmonds decomposition of the graph.
+    ///
+    ///Indicates the Gallai-Edmonds decomposition of the graph, which
+    ///shows an upper bound on the size of a maximum matching. The
+    ///nodes with Status \c EVEN/D induce a graph with factor-critical
+    ///components, the nodes in \c ODD/A form the canonical barrier,
+    ///and the nodes in \c MATCHED/C induce a graph having a perfect
+    ///matching.
+    enum Status {
+      EVEN = 1, D = 1, MATCHED = 0, C = 0, ODD = -1, A = -1, UNMATCHED = -2
+    };
+
+    typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<Status> StatusMap;
+
+  private:
+
+    TEMPLATE_GRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Graph);
+
+    typedef UnionFindEnum<IntNodeMap> BlossomSet;
+    typedef ExtendFindEnum<IntNodeMap> TreeSet;
+    typedef RangeMap<Node> NodeIntMap;
+    typedef MatchingMap EarMap;
+    typedef std::vector<Node> NodeQueue;
+
+    const Graph& _graph;
+    MatchingMap* _matching;
+    StatusMap* _status;
+
+    EarMap* _ear;
+
+    IntNodeMap* _blossom_set_index;
+    BlossomSet* _blossom_set;
+    NodeIntMap* _blossom_rep;
+
+    IntNodeMap* _tree_set_index;
+    TreeSet* _tree_set;
+
+    NodeQueue _node_queue;
+    int _process, _postpone, _last;
+
+    int _node_num;
+
+  private:
+
+    void createStructures() {
+      _node_num = countNodes(_graph);
+      if (!_matching) {
+        _matching = new MatchingMap(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_status) {
+        _status = new StatusMap(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_ear) {
+        _ear = new EarMap(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_blossom_set) {
+        _blossom_set_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _blossom_set = new BlossomSet(*_blossom_set_index);
+      }
+      if (!_blossom_rep) {
+        _blossom_rep = new NodeIntMap(_node_num);
+      }
+      if (!_tree_set) {
+        _tree_set_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _tree_set = new TreeSet(*_tree_set_index);
+      }
+      _node_queue.resize(_node_num);
+    }
+
+    void destroyStructures() {
+      if (_matching) {
+        delete _matching;
+      }
+      if (_status) {
+        delete _status;
+      }
+      if (_ear) {
+        delete _ear;
+      }
+      if (_blossom_set) {
+        delete _blossom_set;
+        delete _blossom_set_index;
+      }
+      if (_blossom_rep) {
+        delete _blossom_rep;
+      }
+      if (_tree_set) {
+        delete _tree_set_index;
+        delete _tree_set;
+      }
+    }
+
+    void processDense(const Node& n) {
+      _process = _postpone = _last = 0;
+      _node_queue[_last++] = n;
+
+      while (_process != _last) {
+        Node u = _node_queue[_process++];
+        for (OutArcIt a(_graph, u); a != INVALID; ++a) {
+          Node v = _graph.target(a);
+          if ((*_status)[v] == MATCHED) {
+            extendOnArc(a);
+          } else if ((*_status)[v] == UNMATCHED) {
+            augmentOnArc(a);
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      while (_postpone != _last) {
+        Node u = _node_queue[_postpone++];
+
+        for (OutArcIt a(_graph, u); a != INVALID ; ++a) {
+          Node v = _graph.target(a);
+          
+          if ((*_status)[v] == EVEN) {
+            if (_blossom_set->find(u) != _blossom_set->find(v)) {
+              shrinkOnEdge(a);
+            }
+          }
+
+          while (_process != _last) {
+            Node w = _node_queue[_process++];
+            for (OutArcIt b(_graph, w); b != INVALID; ++b) {
+              Node x = _graph.target(b);
+              if ((*_status)[x] == MATCHED) {
+                extendOnArc(b);
+              } else if ((*_status)[x] == UNMATCHED) {
+                augmentOnArc(b);
+                return;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    void processSparse(const Node& n) {
+      _process = _last = 0;
+      _node_queue[_last++] = n;
+      while (_process != _last) {
+        Node u = _node_queue[_process++];
+        for (OutArcIt a(_graph, u); a != INVALID; ++a) {
+          Node v = _graph.target(a);
+
+          if ((*_status)[v] == EVEN) {
+            if (_blossom_set->find(u) != _blossom_set->find(v)) {
+              shrinkOnEdge(a);
+            }
+          } else if ((*_status)[v] == MATCHED) {
+            extendOnArc(a);
+          } else if ((*_status)[v] == UNMATCHED) {
+            augmentOnArc(a);
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    void shrinkOnEdge(const Edge& e) {
+      Node nca = INVALID;
+
+      {
+        std::set<Node> left_set, right_set;
+
+        Node left = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(_graph.u(e))];
+        left_set.insert(left);
+
+        Node right = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(_graph.v(e))];
+        right_set.insert(right);
+
+        while (true) {
+          if ((*_matching)[left] == INVALID) break;
+          left = _graph.target((*_matching)[left]);
+          left = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->
+                                 find(_graph.target((*_ear)[left]))];
+          if (right_set.find(left) != right_set.end()) {
+            nca = left;
+            break;
+          }
+          left_set.insert(left);
+
+          if ((*_matching)[right] == INVALID) break;
+          right = _graph.target((*_matching)[right]);
+          right = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->
+                                  find(_graph.target((*_ear)[right]))];
+          if (left_set.find(right) != left_set.end()) {
+            nca = right;
+            break;
+          }
+          right_set.insert(right);
+        }
+
+        if (nca == INVALID) {
+          if ((*_matching)[left] == INVALID) {
+            nca = right;
+            while (left_set.find(nca) == left_set.end()) {
+              nca = _graph.target((*_matching)[nca]);
+              nca =(*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->
+                                   find(_graph.target((*_ear)[nca]))];
+            }
+          } else {
+            nca = left;
+            while (right_set.find(nca) == right_set.end()) {
+              nca = _graph.target((*_matching)[nca]);
+              nca = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->
+                                   find(_graph.target((*_ear)[nca]))];
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      {
+
+        Node node = _graph.u(e);
+        Arc arc = _graph.direct(e, true);
+        Node base = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(node)];
+
+        while (base != nca) {
+          _ear->set(node, arc);
+
+          Node n = node;
+          while (n != base) {
+            n = _graph.target((*_matching)[n]);
+            Arc a = (*_ear)[n];
+            n = _graph.target(a);
+            _ear->set(n, _graph.oppositeArc(a));
+          }
+          node = _graph.target((*_matching)[base]);
+          _tree_set->erase(base);
+          _tree_set->erase(node);
+          _blossom_set->insert(node, _blossom_set->find(base));
+          _status->set(node, EVEN);
+          _node_queue[_last++] = node;
+          arc = _graph.oppositeArc((*_ear)[node]);
+          node = _graph.target((*_ear)[node]);
+          base = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(node)];
+          _blossom_set->join(_graph.target(arc), base);
+        }
+      }
+
+      _blossom_rep->set(_blossom_set->find(nca), nca);
+
+      {
+
+        Node node = _graph.v(e);
+        Arc arc = _graph.direct(e, false);
+        Node base = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(node)];
+
+        while (base != nca) {
+          _ear->set(node, arc);
+
+          Node n = node;
+          while (n != base) {
+            n = _graph.target((*_matching)[n]);
+            Arc a = (*_ear)[n];
+            n = _graph.target(a);
+            _ear->set(n, _graph.oppositeArc(a));
+          }
+          node = _graph.target((*_matching)[base]);
+          _tree_set->erase(base);
+          _tree_set->erase(node);
+          _blossom_set->insert(node, _blossom_set->find(base));
+          _status->set(node, EVEN);
+          _node_queue[_last++] = node;
+          arc = _graph.oppositeArc((*_ear)[node]);
+          node = _graph.target((*_ear)[node]);
+          base = (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(node)];
+          _blossom_set->join(_graph.target(arc), base);
+        }
+      }
+
+      _blossom_rep->set(_blossom_set->find(nca), nca);
+    }
+
+
+
+    void extendOnArc(const Arc& a) {
+      Node base = _graph.source(a);
+      Node odd = _graph.target(a);
+
+      _ear->set(odd, _graph.oppositeArc(a));
+      Node even = _graph.target((*_matching)[odd]);
+      _blossom_rep->set(_blossom_set->insert(even), even);
+      _status->set(odd, ODD);
+      _status->set(even, EVEN);
+      int tree = _tree_set->find((*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(base)]);
+      _tree_set->insert(odd, tree);
+      _tree_set->insert(even, tree);
+      _node_queue[_last++] = even;
+      
+    }
+
+    void augmentOnArc(const Arc& a) {
+      Node even = _graph.source(a);
+      Node odd = _graph.target(a);
+
+      int tree = _tree_set->find((*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->find(even)]);
+
+      _matching->set(odd, _graph.oppositeArc(a));
+      _status->set(odd, MATCHED);
+
+      Arc arc = (*_matching)[even];
+      _matching->set(even, a);
+      
+      while (arc != INVALID) {
+        odd = _graph.target(arc);
+        arc = (*_ear)[odd];
+        even = _graph.target(arc);
+        _matching->set(odd, arc);
+        arc = (*_matching)[even];
+        _matching->set(even, _graph.oppositeArc((*_matching)[odd]));
+      }
+      
+      for (typename TreeSet::ItemIt it(*_tree_set, tree);
+           it != INVALID; ++it) {
+        if ((*_status)[it] == ODD) {
+          _status->set(it, MATCHED);
+        } else {
+          int blossom = _blossom_set->find(it);
+          for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt jt(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+               jt != INVALID; ++jt) {
+            _status->set(jt, MATCHED);
+          }
+          _blossom_set->eraseClass(blossom);
+        }
+      }
+      _tree_set->eraseClass(tree);
+
+    }
+
+  public:
+
+    /// \brief Constructor
+    ///
+    /// Constructor.
+    MaxMatching(const Graph& graph)
+      : _graph(graph), _matching(0), _status(0), _ear(0),
+        _blossom_set_index(0), _blossom_set(0), _blossom_rep(0),
+        _tree_set_index(0), _tree_set(0) {}
+
+    ~MaxMatching() {
+      destroyStructures();
+    }
+
+    /// \name Execution control
+    /// The simplest way to execute the algorithm is to use the member
+    /// \c run() member function.
+    /// \n
+
+    /// If you need more control on the execution, first you must call
+    /// \ref init(), \ref greedyInit() or \ref matchingInit()
+    /// functions, then you can start the algorithm with the \ref
+    /// startParse() or startDense() functions.
+
+    ///@{
+
+    /// \brief Sets the actual matching to the empty matching.
+    ///
+    /// Sets the actual matching to the empty matching.
+    ///
+    void init() {
+      createStructures();
+      for(NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        _matching->set(n, INVALID);
+        _status->set(n, UNMATCHED);
+      }
+    }
+
+    ///\brief Finds a greedy matching for initial matching.
+    ///
+    ///For initial matchig it finds a maximal greedy matching.
+    void greedyInit() {
+      createStructures();
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        _matching->set(n, INVALID);
+        _status->set(n, UNMATCHED);
+      }
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_matching)[n] == INVALID) {
+          for (OutArcIt a(_graph, n); a != INVALID ; ++a) {
+            Node v = _graph.target(a);
+            if ((*_matching)[v] == INVALID && v != n) {
+              _matching->set(n, a);
+              _status->set(n, MATCHED);
+              _matching->set(v, _graph.oppositeArc(a));
+              _status->set(v, MATCHED);
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    /// \brief Initialize the matching from the map containing a matching.
+    ///
+    /// Initialize the matching from a \c bool valued \c Edge map. This
+    /// map must have the property that there are no two incident edges
+    /// with true value, ie. it contains a matching.
+    /// \return %True if the map contains a matching.
+    template <typename MatchingMap>
+    bool matchingInit(const MatchingMap& matching) {
+      createStructures();
+
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        _matching->set(n, INVALID);
+        _status->set(n, UNMATCHED);
+      }
+      for(EdgeIt e(_graph); e!=INVALID; ++e) {
+        if (matching[e]) {
+
+          Node u = _graph.u(e);
+          if ((*_matching)[u] != INVALID) return false;
+          _matching->set(u, _graph.direct(e, true));
+          _status->set(u, MATCHED);
+
+          Node v = _graph.v(e);
+          if ((*_matching)[v] != INVALID) return false;
+          _matching->set(v, _graph.direct(e, false));
+          _status->set(v, MATCHED);
+        }
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Starts Edmonds' algorithm
+    ///
+    /// If runs the original Edmonds' algorithm.
+    void startSparse() {
+      for(NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_status)[n] == UNMATCHED) {
+          (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->insert(n)] = n;
+          _tree_set->insert(n);
+          _status->set(n, EVEN);
+          processSparse(n);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Starts Edmonds' algorithm.
+    ///
+    /// It runs Edmonds' algorithm with a heuristic of postponing
+    /// shrinks, giving a faster algorithm for dense graphs.
+    void startDense() {
+      for(NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_status)[n] == UNMATCHED) {
+          (*_blossom_rep)[_blossom_set->insert(n)] = n;
+          _tree_set->insert(n);
+          _status->set(n, EVEN);
+          processDense(n);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    /// \brief Runs Edmonds' algorithm
+    ///
+    /// Runs Edmonds' algorithm for sparse graphs (<tt>m<2*n</tt>)
+    /// or Edmonds' algorithm with a heuristic of
+    /// postponing shrinks for dense graphs.
+    void run() {
+      if (countEdges(_graph) < 2 * countNodes(_graph)) {
+        greedyInit();
+        startSparse();
+      } else {
+        init();
+        startDense();
+      }
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+    /// \name Primal solution
+    /// Functions for get the primal solution, ie. the matching.
+
+    /// @{
+
+    ///\brief Returns the size of the actual matching stored.
+    ///
+    ///Returns the size of the actual matching stored. After \ref
+    ///run() it returns the size of the maximum matching in the graph.
+    int matchingSize() const {
+      int size = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_matching)[n] != INVALID) {
+          ++size;
+        }
+      }
+      return size / 2;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns true when the edge is in the matching.
+    ///
+    /// Returns true when the edge is in the matching.
+    bool matching(const Edge& edge) const {
+      return edge == (*_matching)[_graph.u(edge)];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the matching edge incident to the given node.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the matching edge of a \c node in the actual matching or
+    /// INVALID if the \c node is not covered by the actual matching.
+    Arc matching(const Node& n) const {
+      return (*_matching)[n];
+    }
+
+    ///\brief Returns the mate of a node in the actual matching.
+    ///
+    ///Returns the mate of a \c node in the actual matching or
+    ///INVALID if the \c node is not covered by the actual matching.
+    Node mate(const Node& n) const {
+      return (*_matching)[n] != INVALID ?
+        _graph.target((*_matching)[n]) : INVALID;
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+    /// \name Dual solution
+    /// Functions for get the dual solution, ie. the decomposition.
+
+    /// @{
+
+    /// \brief Returns the class of the node in the Edmonds-Gallai
+    /// decomposition.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the class of the node in the Edmonds-Gallai
+    /// decomposition.
+    Status decomposition(const Node& n) const {
+      return (*_status)[n];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns true when the node is in the barrier.
+    ///
+    /// Returns true when the node is in the barrier.
+    bool barrier(const Node& n) const {
+      return (*_status)[n] == ODD;
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+  };
+
+  /// \ingroup matching
+  ///
+  /// \brief Weighted matching in general graphs
+  ///
+  /// This class provides an efficient implementation of Edmond's
+  /// maximum weighted matching algorithm. The implementation is based
+  /// on extensive use of priority queues and provides
+  /// \f$O(nm\log(n))\f$ time complexity.
+  ///
+  /// The maximum weighted matching problem is to find undirected
+  /// edges in the graph with maximum overall weight and no two of
+  /// them shares their ends. The problem can be formulated with the
+  /// following linear program.
+  /// \f[ \sum_{e \in \delta(u)}x_e \le 1 \quad \forall u\in V\f]
+  /** \f[ \sum_{e \in \gamma(B)}x_e \le \frac{\vert B \vert - 1}{2}
+      \quad \forall B\in\mathcal{O}\f] */
+  /// \f[x_e \ge 0\quad \forall e\in E\f]
+  /// \f[\max \sum_{e\in E}x_ew_e\f]
+  /// where \f$\delta(X)\f$ is the set of edges incident to a node in
+  /// \f$X\f$, \f$\gamma(X)\f$ is the set of edges with both ends in
+  /// \f$X\f$ and \f$\mathcal{O}\f$ is the set of odd cardinality
+  /// subsets of the nodes.
+  ///
+  /// The algorithm calculates an optimal matching and a proof of the
+  /// optimality. The solution of the dual problem can be used to check
+  /// the result of the algorithm. The dual linear problem is the
+  /** \f[ y_u + y_v + \sum_{B \in \mathcal{O}, uv \in \gamma(B)}
+      z_B \ge w_{uv} \quad \forall uv\in E\f] */
+  /// \f[y_u \ge 0 \quad \forall u \in V\f]
+  /// \f[z_B \ge 0 \quad \forall B \in \mathcal{O}\f]
+  /** \f[\min \sum_{u \in V}y_u + \sum_{B \in \mathcal{O}}
+      \frac{\vert B \vert - 1}{2}z_B\f] */
+  ///
+  /// The algorithm can be executed with \c run() or the \c init() and
+  /// then the \c start() member functions. After it the matching can
+  /// be asked with \c matching() or mate() functions. The dual
+  /// solution can be get with \c nodeValue(), \c blossomNum() and \c
+  /// blossomValue() members and \ref MaxWeightedMatching::BlossomIt
+  /// "BlossomIt" nested class which is able to iterate on the nodes
+  /// of a blossom. If the value type is integral then the dual
+  /// solution is multiplied by \ref MaxWeightedMatching::dualScale "4".
+  template <typename _Graph,
+            typename _WeightMap = typename _Graph::template EdgeMap<int> >
+  class MaxWeightedMatching {
+  public:
+
+    typedef _Graph Graph;
+    typedef _WeightMap WeightMap;
+    typedef typename WeightMap::Value Value;
+
+    /// \brief Scaling factor for dual solution
+    ///
+    /// Scaling factor for dual solution, it is equal to 4 or 1
+    /// according to the value type.
+    static const int dualScale =
+      std::numeric_limits<Value>::is_integer ? 4 : 1;
+
+    typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<typename Graph::Arc>
+    MatchingMap;
+
+  private:
+
+    TEMPLATE_GRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Graph);
+
+    typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<Value> NodePotential;
+    typedef std::vector<Node> BlossomNodeList;
+
+    struct BlossomVariable {
+      int begin, end;
+      Value value;
+
+      BlossomVariable(int _begin, int _end, Value _value)
+        : begin(_begin), end(_end), value(_value) {}
+
+    };
+
+    typedef std::vector<BlossomVariable> BlossomPotential;
+
+    const Graph& _graph;
+    const WeightMap& _weight;
+
+    MatchingMap* _matching;
+
+    NodePotential* _node_potential;
+
+    BlossomPotential _blossom_potential;
+    BlossomNodeList _blossom_node_list;
+
+    int _node_num;
+    int _blossom_num;
+
+    typedef RangeMap<int> IntIntMap;
+
+    enum Status {
+      EVEN = -1, MATCHED = 0, ODD = 1, UNMATCHED = -2
+    };
+
+    typedef HeapUnionFind<Value, IntNodeMap> BlossomSet;
+    struct BlossomData {
+      int tree;
+      Status status;
+      Arc pred, next;
+      Value pot, offset;
+      Node base;
+    };
+
+    IntNodeMap *_blossom_index;
+    BlossomSet *_blossom_set;
+    RangeMap<BlossomData>* _blossom_data;
+
+    IntNodeMap *_node_index;
+    IntArcMap *_node_heap_index;
+
+    struct NodeData {
+
+      NodeData(IntArcMap& node_heap_index)
+        : heap(node_heap_index) {}
+
+      int blossom;
+      Value pot;
+      BinHeap<Value, IntArcMap> heap;
+      std::map<int, Arc> heap_index;
+
+      int tree;
+    };
+
+    RangeMap<NodeData>* _node_data;
+
+    typedef ExtendFindEnum<IntIntMap> TreeSet;
+
+    IntIntMap *_tree_set_index;
+    TreeSet *_tree_set;
+
+    IntNodeMap *_delta1_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntNodeMap> *_delta1;
+
+    IntIntMap *_delta2_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap> *_delta2;
+
+    IntEdgeMap *_delta3_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntEdgeMap> *_delta3;
+
+    IntIntMap *_delta4_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap> *_delta4;
+
+    Value _delta_sum;
+
+    void createStructures() {
+      _node_num = countNodes(_graph);
+      _blossom_num = _node_num * 3 / 2;
+
+      if (!_matching) {
+        _matching = new MatchingMap(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_node_potential) {
+        _node_potential = new NodePotential(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_blossom_set) {
+        _blossom_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _blossom_set = new BlossomSet(*_blossom_index);
+        _blossom_data = new RangeMap<BlossomData>(_blossom_num);
+      }
+
+      if (!_node_index) {
+        _node_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _node_heap_index = new IntArcMap(_graph);
+        _node_data = new RangeMap<NodeData>(_node_num,
+                                              NodeData(*_node_heap_index));
+      }
+
+      if (!_tree_set) {
+        _tree_set_index = new IntIntMap(_blossom_num);
+        _tree_set = new TreeSet(*_tree_set_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta1) {
+        _delta1_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _delta1 = new BinHeap<Value, IntNodeMap>(*_delta1_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta2) {
+        _delta2_index = new IntIntMap(_blossom_num);
+        _delta2 = new BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap>(*_delta2_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta3) {
+        _delta3_index = new IntEdgeMap(_graph);
+        _delta3 = new BinHeap<Value, IntEdgeMap>(*_delta3_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta4) {
+        _delta4_index = new IntIntMap(_blossom_num);
+        _delta4 = new BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap>(*_delta4_index);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void destroyStructures() {
+      _node_num = countNodes(_graph);
+      _blossom_num = _node_num * 3 / 2;
+
+      if (_matching) {
+        delete _matching;
+      }
+      if (_node_potential) {
+        delete _node_potential;
+      }
+      if (_blossom_set) {
+        delete _blossom_index;
+        delete _blossom_set;
+        delete _blossom_data;
+      }
+
+      if (_node_index) {
+        delete _node_index;
+        delete _node_heap_index;
+        delete _node_data;
+      }
+
+      if (_tree_set) {
+        delete _tree_set_index;
+        delete _tree_set;
+      }
+      if (_delta1) {
+        delete _delta1_index;
+        delete _delta1;
+      }
+      if (_delta2) {
+        delete _delta2_index;
+        delete _delta2;
+      }
+      if (_delta3) {
+        delete _delta3_index;
+        delete _delta3;
+      }
+      if (_delta4) {
+        delete _delta4_index;
+        delete _delta4;
+      }
+    }
+
+    void matchedToEven(int blossom, int tree) {
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot -=
+          2 * (_delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+
+        _blossom_set->increase(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.clear();
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].pot += _delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset;
+
+        _delta1->push(n, (*_node_data)[ni].pot);
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP && blossom != vb) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw / 2);
+            }
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == UNMATCHED) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw);
+            }
+          } else {
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.find(tree);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.end()) {
+              if ((*_node_data)[vi].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.replace(it->second, e);
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.decrease(e, rw);
+                it->second = e;
+              }
+            } else {
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap.push(e, rw);
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(tree, e));
+            }
+
+            if ((*_blossom_set)[v] > (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio()) {
+              _blossom_set->decrease(v, (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio());
+
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == MATCHED) {
+                if (_delta2->state(vb) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                  _delta2->push(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                               (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[vb] > _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset){
+                  _delta2->decrease(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    void matchedToOdd(int blossom) {
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset += _delta_sum;
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        _delta4->push(blossom, (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot / 2 +
+                     (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void evenToMatched(int blossom, int tree) {
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot += 2 * _delta_sum;
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+        (*_node_data)[ni].pot -= _delta_sum;
+
+        _delta1->erase(n);
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if (vb == blossom) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+
+            int vt = _tree_set->find(vb);
+
+            if (vt != tree) {
+
+              Arc r = _graph.oppositeArc(e);
+
+              typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.find(vt);
+
+              if (it != (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.end()) {
+                if ((*_node_data)[ni].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                  (*_node_data)[ni].heap.replace(it->second, r);
+                  (*_node_data)[ni].heap.decrease(r, rw);
+                  it->second = r;
+                }
+              } else {
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap.push(r, rw);
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(vt, r));
+              }
+
+              if ((*_blossom_set)[n] > (*_node_data)[ni].heap.prio()) {
+                _blossom_set->decrease(n, (*_node_data)[ni].heap.prio());
+
+                if (_delta2->state(blossom) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                  _delta2->push(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                               (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[blossom] >
+                           _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset){
+                  _delta2->decrease(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == UNMATCHED) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+          } else {
+
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.find(tree);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.end()) {
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap.erase(it->second);
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.erase(it);
+              if ((*_node_data)[vi].heap.empty()) {
+                _blossom_set->increase(v, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+              } else if ((*_blossom_set)[v] < (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio()) {
+                _blossom_set->increase(v, (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio());
+              }
+
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == MATCHED) {
+                if (_blossom_set->classPrio(vb) ==
+                    std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+                  _delta2->erase(vb);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[vb] < _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset) {
+                  _delta2->increase(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    void oddToMatched(int blossom) {
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset -= _delta_sum;
+
+      if (_blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) !=
+          std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+        _delta2->push(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                       (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        _delta4->erase(blossom);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void oddToEven(int blossom, int tree) {
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        _delta4->erase(blossom);
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot -=
+          2 * (2 * _delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+
+        _blossom_set->increase(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].pot +=
+          2 * _delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset;
+
+        _delta1->push(n, (*_node_data)[ni].pot);
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP && blossom != vb) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw / 2);
+            }
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == UNMATCHED) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw);
+            }
+          } else {
+
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.find(tree);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.end()) {
+              if ((*_node_data)[vi].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.replace(it->second, e);
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.decrease(e, rw);
+                it->second = e;
+              }
+            } else {
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap.push(e, rw);
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(tree, e));
+            }
+
+            if ((*_blossom_set)[v] > (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio()) {
+              _blossom_set->decrease(v, (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio());
+
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == MATCHED) {
+                if (_delta2->state(vb) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                  _delta2->push(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                               (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[vb] > _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset) {
+                  _delta2->decrease(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    void matchedToUnmatched(int blossom) {
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+
+        _blossom_set->increase(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.clear();
+
+        for (OutArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.target(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    void unmatchedToMatched(int blossom) {
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if (vb == blossom) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+
+            int vt = _tree_set->find(vb);
+
+            Arc r = _graph.oppositeArc(e);
+
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.find(vt);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.end()) {
+              if ((*_node_data)[ni].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap.replace(it->second, r);
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap.decrease(r, rw);
+                it->second = r;
+              }
+            } else {
+              (*_node_data)[ni].heap.push(r, rw);
+              (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(vt, r));
+            }
+
+            if ((*_blossom_set)[n] > (*_node_data)[ni].heap.prio()) {
+              _blossom_set->decrease(n, (*_node_data)[ni].heap.prio());
+
+              if (_delta2->state(blossom) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                _delta2->push(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                             (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+              } else if ((*_delta2)[blossom] > _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom)-
+                         (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset){
+                _delta2->decrease(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                                 (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+              }
+            }
+
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == UNMATCHED) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    void alternatePath(int even, int tree) {
+      int odd;
+
+      evenToMatched(even, tree);
+      (*_blossom_data)[even].status = MATCHED;
+
+      while ((*_blossom_data)[even].pred != INVALID) {
+        odd = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[even].pred));
+        (*_blossom_data)[odd].status = MATCHED;
+        oddToMatched(odd);
+        (*_blossom_data)[odd].next = (*_blossom_data)[odd].pred;
+
+        even = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[odd].pred));
+        (*_blossom_data)[even].status = MATCHED;
+        evenToMatched(even, tree);
+        (*_blossom_data)[even].next =
+          _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[odd].pred);
+      }
+
+    }
+
+    void destroyTree(int tree) {
+      for (TreeSet::ItemIt b(*_tree_set, tree); b != INVALID; ++b) {
+        if ((*_blossom_data)[b].status == EVEN) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[b].status = MATCHED;
+          evenToMatched(b, tree);
+        } else if ((*_blossom_data)[b].status == ODD) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[b].status = MATCHED;
+          oddToMatched(b);
+        }
+      }
+      _tree_set->eraseClass(tree);
+    }
+
+
+    void unmatchNode(const Node& node) {
+      int blossom = _blossom_set->find(node);
+      int tree = _tree_set->find(blossom);
+
+      alternatePath(blossom, tree);
+      destroyTree(tree);
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].status = UNMATCHED;
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].base = node;
+      matchedToUnmatched(blossom);
+    }
+
+
+    void augmentOnEdge(const Edge& edge) {
+
+      int left = _blossom_set->find(_graph.u(edge));
+      int right = _blossom_set->find(_graph.v(edge));
+
+      if ((*_blossom_data)[left].status == EVEN) {
+        int left_tree = _tree_set->find(left);
+        alternatePath(left, left_tree);
+        destroyTree(left_tree);
+      } else {
+        (*_blossom_data)[left].status = MATCHED;
+        unmatchedToMatched(left);
+      }
+
+      if ((*_blossom_data)[right].status == EVEN) {
+        int right_tree = _tree_set->find(right);
+        alternatePath(right, right_tree);
+        destroyTree(right_tree);
+      } else {
+        (*_blossom_data)[right].status = MATCHED;
+        unmatchedToMatched(right);
+      }
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[left].next = _graph.direct(edge, true);
+      (*_blossom_data)[right].next = _graph.direct(edge, false);
+    }
+
+    void extendOnArc(const Arc& arc) {
+      int base = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target(arc));
+      int tree = _tree_set->find(base);
+
+      int odd = _blossom_set->find(_graph.source(arc));
+      _tree_set->insert(odd, tree);
+      (*_blossom_data)[odd].status = ODD;
+      matchedToOdd(odd);
+      (*_blossom_data)[odd].pred = arc;
+
+      int even = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[odd].next));
+      (*_blossom_data)[even].pred = (*_blossom_data)[even].next;
+      _tree_set->insert(even, tree);
+      (*_blossom_data)[even].status = EVEN;
+      matchedToEven(even, tree);
+    }
+
+    void shrinkOnEdge(const Edge& edge, int tree) {
+      int nca = -1;
+      std::vector<int> left_path, right_path;
+
+      {
+        std::set<int> left_set, right_set;
+        int left = _blossom_set->find(_graph.u(edge));
+        left_path.push_back(left);
+        left_set.insert(left);
+
+        int right = _blossom_set->find(_graph.v(edge));
+        right_path.push_back(right);
+        right_set.insert(right);
+
+        while (true) {
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[left].pred == INVALID) break;
+
+          left =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[left].pred));
+          left_path.push_back(left);
+          left =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[left].pred));
+          left_path.push_back(left);
+
+          left_set.insert(left);
+
+          if (right_set.find(left) != right_set.end()) {
+            nca = left;
+            break;
+          }
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[right].pred == INVALID) break;
+
+          right =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[right].pred));
+          right_path.push_back(right);
+          right =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[right].pred));
+          right_path.push_back(right);
+
+          right_set.insert(right);
+
+          if (left_set.find(right) != left_set.end()) {
+            nca = right;
+            break;
+          }
+
+        }
+
+        if (nca == -1) {
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[left].pred == INVALID) {
+            nca = right;
+            while (left_set.find(nca) == left_set.end()) {
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              right_path.push_back(nca);
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              right_path.push_back(nca);
+            }
+          } else {
+            nca = left;
+            while (right_set.find(nca) == right_set.end()) {
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              left_path.push_back(nca);
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              left_path.push_back(nca);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      std::vector<int> subblossoms;
+      Arc prev;
+
+      prev = _graph.direct(edge, true);
+      for (int i = 0; left_path[i] != nca; i += 2) {
+        subblossoms.push_back(left_path[i]);
+        (*_blossom_data)[left_path[i]].next = prev;
+        _tree_set->erase(left_path[i]);
+
+        subblossoms.push_back(left_path[i + 1]);
+        (*_blossom_data)[left_path[i + 1]].status = EVEN;
+        oddToEven(left_path[i + 1], tree);
+        _tree_set->erase(left_path[i + 1]);
+        prev = _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[left_path[i + 1]].pred);
+      }
+
+      int k = 0;
+      while (right_path[k] != nca) ++k;
+
+      subblossoms.push_back(nca);
+      (*_blossom_data)[nca].next = prev;
+
+      for (int i = k - 2; i >= 0; i -= 2) {
+        subblossoms.push_back(right_path[i + 1]);
+        (*_blossom_data)[right_path[i + 1]].status = EVEN;
+        oddToEven(right_path[i + 1], tree);
+        _tree_set->erase(right_path[i + 1]);
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[right_path[i + 1]].next =
+          (*_blossom_data)[right_path[i + 1]].pred;
+
+        subblossoms.push_back(right_path[i]);
+        _tree_set->erase(right_path[i]);
+      }
+
+      int surface =
+        _blossom_set->join(subblossoms.begin(), subblossoms.end());
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < int(subblossoms.size()); ++i) {
+        if (!_blossom_set->trivial(subblossoms[i])) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].pot += 2 * _delta_sum;
+        }
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].status = MATCHED;
+      }
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].pot = -2 * _delta_sum;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].offset = 0;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].status = EVEN;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].pred = (*_blossom_data)[nca].pred;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].next = (*_blossom_data)[nca].pred;
+
+      _tree_set->insert(surface, tree);
+      _tree_set->erase(nca);
+    }
+
+    void splitBlossom(int blossom) {
+      Arc next = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].next;
+      Arc pred = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pred;
+
+      int tree = _tree_set->find(blossom);
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].status = MATCHED;
+      oddToMatched(blossom);
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+
+      std::vector<int> subblossoms;
+      _blossom_set->split(blossom, std::back_inserter(subblossoms));
+
+      Value offset = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset;
+      int b = _blossom_set->find(_graph.source(pred));
+      int d = _blossom_set->find(_graph.source(next));
+
+      int ib = -1, id = -1;
+      for (int i = 0; i < int(subblossoms.size()); ++i) {
+        if (subblossoms[i] == b) ib = i;
+        if (subblossoms[i] == d) id = i;
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].offset = offset;
+        if (!_blossom_set->trivial(subblossoms[i])) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].pot -= 2 * offset;
+        }
+        if (_blossom_set->classPrio(subblossoms[i]) !=
+            std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+          _delta2->push(subblossoms[i],
+                        _blossom_set->classPrio(subblossoms[i]) -
+                        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].offset);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (id > ib ? ((id - ib) % 2 == 0) : ((ib - id) % 2 == 1)) {
+        for (int i = (id + 1) % subblossoms.size();
+             i != ib; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = ib; i != id; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          int ub = subblossoms[(i + 2) % subblossoms.size()];
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].status = ODD;
+          matchedToOdd(sb);
+          _tree_set->insert(sb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].pred = pred;
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next =
+                           _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+
+          pred = (*_blossom_data)[ub].next;
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].status = EVEN;
+          matchedToEven(tb, tree);
+          _tree_set->insert(tb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].pred = (*_blossom_data)[tb].next;
+        }
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[id]].status = ODD;
+        matchedToOdd(subblossoms[id]);
+        _tree_set->insert(subblossoms[id], tree);
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[id]].next = next;
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[id]].pred = pred;
+
+      } else {
+
+        for (int i = (ib + 1) % subblossoms.size();
+             i != id; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = id; i != ib; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          int ub = subblossoms[(i + 2) % subblossoms.size()];
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].status = ODD;
+          matchedToOdd(sb);
+          _tree_set->insert(sb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next = next;
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].pred =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].status = EVEN;
+          matchedToEven(tb, tree);
+          _tree_set->insert(tb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].pred =
+            (*_blossom_data)[tb].next =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[ub].next);
+          next = (*_blossom_data)[ub].next;
+        }
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[ib]].status = ODD;
+        matchedToOdd(subblossoms[ib]);
+        _tree_set->insert(subblossoms[ib], tree);
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[ib]].next = next;
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[ib]].pred = pred;
+      }
+      _tree_set->erase(blossom);
+    }
+
+    void extractBlossom(int blossom, const Node& base, const Arc& matching) {
+      if (_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        int bi = (*_node_index)[base];
+        Value pot = (*_node_data)[bi].pot;
+
+        _matching->set(base, matching);
+        _blossom_node_list.push_back(base);
+        _node_potential->set(base, pot);
+      } else {
+
+        Value pot = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot;
+        int bn = _blossom_node_list.size();
+
+        std::vector<int> subblossoms;
+        _blossom_set->split(blossom, std::back_inserter(subblossoms));
+        int b = _blossom_set->find(base);
+        int ib = -1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < int(subblossoms.size()); ++i) {
+          if (subblossoms[i] == b) { ib = i; break; }
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 1; i < int(subblossoms.size()); i += 2) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[(ib + i) % subblossoms.size()];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(ib + i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+
+          Arc m = (*_blossom_data)[tb].next;
+          extractBlossom(sb, _graph.target(m), _graph.oppositeArc(m));
+          extractBlossom(tb, _graph.source(m), m);
+        }
+        extractBlossom(subblossoms[ib], base, matching);
+
+        int en = _blossom_node_list.size();
+
+        _blossom_potential.push_back(BlossomVariable(bn, en, pot));
+      }
+    }
+
+    void extractMatching() {
+      std::vector<int> blossoms;
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ClassIt c(*_blossom_set); c != INVALID; ++c) {
+        blossoms.push_back(c);
+      }
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < int(blossoms.size()); ++i) {
+        if ((*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].status == MATCHED) {
+
+          Value offset = (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].offset;
+          (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].pot += 2 * offset;
+          for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossoms[i]);
+               n != INVALID; ++n) {
+            (*_node_data)[(*_node_index)[n]].pot -= offset;
+          }
+
+          Arc matching = (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].next;
+          Node base = _graph.source(matching);
+          extractBlossom(blossoms[i], base, matching);
+        } else {
+          Node base = (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].base;
+          extractBlossom(blossoms[i], base, INVALID);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+  public:
+
+    /// \brief Constructor
+    ///
+    /// Constructor.
+    MaxWeightedMatching(const Graph& graph, const WeightMap& weight)
+      : _graph(graph), _weight(weight), _matching(0),
+        _node_potential(0), _blossom_potential(), _blossom_node_list(),
+        _node_num(0), _blossom_num(0),
+
+        _blossom_index(0), _blossom_set(0), _blossom_data(0),
+        _node_index(0), _node_heap_index(0), _node_data(0),
+        _tree_set_index(0), _tree_set(0),
+
+        _delta1_index(0), _delta1(0),
+        _delta2_index(0), _delta2(0),
+        _delta3_index(0), _delta3(0),
+        _delta4_index(0), _delta4(0),
+
+        _delta_sum() {}
+
+    ~MaxWeightedMatching() {
+      destroyStructures();
+    }
+
+    /// \name Execution control
+    /// The simplest way to execute the algorithm is to use the member
+    /// \c run() member function.
+
+    ///@{
+
+    /// \brief Initialize the algorithm
+    ///
+    /// Initialize the algorithm
+    void init() {
+      createStructures();
+
+      for (ArcIt e(_graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+        _node_heap_index->set(e, BinHeap<Value, IntArcMap>::PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        _delta1_index->set(n, _delta1->PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+      for (EdgeIt e(_graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+        _delta3_index->set(e, _delta3->PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+      for (int i = 0; i < _blossom_num; ++i) {
+        _delta2_index->set(i, _delta2->PRE_HEAP);
+        _delta4_index->set(i, _delta4->PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+
+      int index = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        Value max = 0;
+        for (OutArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          if (_graph.target(e) == n) continue;
+          if ((dualScale * _weight[e]) / 2 > max) {
+            max = (dualScale * _weight[e]) / 2;
+          }
+        }
+        _node_index->set(n, index);
+        (*_node_data)[index].pot = max;
+        _delta1->push(n, max);
+        int blossom =
+          _blossom_set->insert(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+
+        _tree_set->insert(blossom);
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].status = EVEN;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pred = INVALID;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].next = INVALID;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot = 0;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset = 0;
+        ++index;
+      }
+      for (EdgeIt e(_graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+        int si = (*_node_index)[_graph.u(e)];
+        int ti = (*_node_index)[_graph.v(e)];
+        if (_graph.u(e) != _graph.v(e)) {
+          _delta3->push(e, ((*_node_data)[si].pot + (*_node_data)[ti].pot -
+                            dualScale * _weight[e]) / 2);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Starts the algorithm
+    ///
+    /// Starts the algorithm
+    void start() {
+      enum OpType {
+        D1, D2, D3, D4
+      };
+
+      int unmatched = _node_num;
+      while (unmatched > 0) {
+        Value d1 = !_delta1->empty() ?
+          _delta1->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        Value d2 = !_delta2->empty() ?
+          _delta2->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        Value d3 = !_delta3->empty() ?
+          _delta3->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        Value d4 = !_delta4->empty() ?
+          _delta4->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        _delta_sum = d1; OpType ot = D1;
+        if (d2 < _delta_sum) { _delta_sum = d2; ot = D2; }
+        if (d3 < _delta_sum) { _delta_sum = d3; ot = D3; }
+        if (d4 < _delta_sum) { _delta_sum = d4; ot = D4; }
+
+
+        switch (ot) {
+        case D1:
+          {
+            Node n = _delta1->top();
+            unmatchNode(n);
+            --unmatched;
+          }
+          break;
+        case D2:
+          {
+            int blossom = _delta2->top();
+            Node n = _blossom_set->classTop(blossom);
+            Arc e = (*_node_data)[(*_node_index)[n]].heap.top();
+            extendOnArc(e);
+          }
+          break;
+        case D3:
+          {
+            Edge e = _delta3->top();
+
+            int left_blossom = _blossom_set->find(_graph.u(e));
+            int right_blossom = _blossom_set->find(_graph.v(e));
+
+            if (left_blossom == right_blossom) {
+              _delta3->pop();
+            } else {
+              int left_tree;
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[left_blossom].status == EVEN) {
+                left_tree = _tree_set->find(left_blossom);
+              } else {
+                left_tree = -1;
+                ++unmatched;
+              }
+              int right_tree;
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[right_blossom].status == EVEN) {
+                right_tree = _tree_set->find(right_blossom);
+              } else {
+                right_tree = -1;
+                ++unmatched;
+              }
+
+              if (left_tree == right_tree) {
+                shrinkOnEdge(e, left_tree);
+              } else {
+                augmentOnEdge(e);
+                unmatched -= 2;
+              }
+            }
+          } break;
+        case D4:
+          splitBlossom(_delta4->top());
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      extractMatching();
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Runs %MaxWeightedMatching algorithm.
+    ///
+    /// This method runs the %MaxWeightedMatching algorithm.
+    ///
+    /// \note mwm.run() is just a shortcut of the following code.
+    /// \code
+    ///   mwm.init();
+    ///   mwm.start();
+    /// \endcode
+    void run() {
+      init();
+      start();
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+    /// \name Primal solution
+    /// Functions for get the primal solution, ie. the matching.
+
+    /// @{
+
+    /// \brief Returns the matching value.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the matching value.
+    Value matchingValue() const {
+      Value sum = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_matching)[n] != INVALID) {
+          sum += _weight[(*_matching)[n]];
+        }
+      }
+      return sum /= 2;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the cardinality of the matching.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the cardinality of the matching.
+    int matchingSize() const {
+      int num = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_matching)[n] != INVALID) {
+          ++num;
+        }
+      }
+      return num /= 2;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns true when the edge is in the matching.
+    ///
+    /// Returns true when the edge is in the matching.
+    bool matching(const Edge& edge) const {
+      return edge == (*_matching)[_graph.u(edge)];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the incident matching arc.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the incident matching arc from given node. If the
+    /// node is not matched then it gives back \c INVALID.
+    Arc matching(const Node& node) const {
+      return (*_matching)[node];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the mate of the node.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the adjancent node in a mathcing arc. If the node is
+    /// not matched then it gives back \c INVALID.
+    Node mate(const Node& node) const {
+      return (*_matching)[node] != INVALID ?
+        _graph.target((*_matching)[node]) : INVALID;
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+    /// \name Dual solution
+    /// Functions for get the dual solution.
+
+    /// @{
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value of the dual solution.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the value of the dual solution. It should be equal to
+    /// the primal value scaled by \ref dualScale "dual scale".
+    Value dualValue() const {
+      Value sum = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        sum += nodeValue(n);
+      }
+      for (int i = 0; i < blossomNum(); ++i) {
+        sum += blossomValue(i) * (blossomSize(i) / 2);
+      }
+      return sum;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value of the node.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the the value of the node.
+    Value nodeValue(const Node& n) const {
+      return (*_node_potential)[n];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of the blossoms in the basis.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the number of the blossoms in the basis.
+    /// \see BlossomIt
+    int blossomNum() const {
+      return _blossom_potential.size();
+    }
+
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of the nodes in the blossom.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the number of the nodes in the blossom.
+    int blossomSize(int k) const {
+      return _blossom_potential[k].end - _blossom_potential[k].begin;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value of the blossom.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the the value of the blossom.
+    /// \see BlossomIt
+    Value blossomValue(int k) const {
+      return _blossom_potential[k].value;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Lemon iterator for get the items of the blossom.
+    ///
+    /// Lemon iterator for get the nodes of the blossom. This class
+    /// provides a common style lemon iterator which gives back a
+    /// subset of the nodes.
+    class BlossomIt {
+    public:
+
+      /// \brief Constructor.
+      ///
+      /// Constructor for get the nodes of the variable.
+      BlossomIt(const MaxWeightedMatching& algorithm, int variable)
+        : _algorithm(&algorithm)
+      {
+        _index = _algorithm->_blossom_potential[variable].begin;
+        _last = _algorithm->_blossom_potential[variable].end;
+      }
+
+      /// \brief Conversion to node.
+      ///
+      /// Conversion to node.
+      operator Node() const {
+        return _algorithm->_blossom_node_list[_index];
+      }
+
+      /// \brief Increment operator.
+      ///
+      /// Increment operator.
+      BlossomIt& operator++() {
+        ++_index;
+        return *this;
+      }
+
+      /// \brief Validity checking
+      ///
+      /// Checks whether the iterator is invalid.
+      bool operator==(Invalid) const { return _index == _last; }
+
+      /// \brief Validity checking
+      ///
+      /// Checks whether the iterator is valid.
+      bool operator!=(Invalid) const { return _index != _last; }
+
+    private:
+      const MaxWeightedMatching* _algorithm;
+      int _last;
+      int _index;
+    };
+
+    /// @}
+
+  };
+
+  /// \ingroup matching
+  ///
+  /// \brief Weighted perfect matching in general graphs
+  ///
+  /// This class provides an efficient implementation of Edmond's
+  /// maximum weighted perfect matching algorithm. The implementation
+  /// is based on extensive use of priority queues and provides
+  /// \f$O(nm\log(n))\f$ time complexity.
+  ///
+  /// The maximum weighted matching problem is to find undirected
+  /// edges in the graph with maximum overall weight and no two of
+  /// them shares their ends and covers all nodes. The problem can be
+  /// formulated with the following linear program.
+  /// \f[ \sum_{e \in \delta(u)}x_e = 1 \quad \forall u\in V\f]
+  /** \f[ \sum_{e \in \gamma(B)}x_e \le \frac{\vert B \vert - 1}{2}
+      \quad \forall B\in\mathcal{O}\f] */
+  /// \f[x_e \ge 0\quad \forall e\in E\f]
+  /// \f[\max \sum_{e\in E}x_ew_e\f]
+  /// where \f$\delta(X)\f$ is the set of edges incident to a node in
+  /// \f$X\f$, \f$\gamma(X)\f$ is the set of edges with both ends in
+  /// \f$X\f$ and \f$\mathcal{O}\f$ is the set of odd cardinality
+  /// subsets of the nodes.
+  ///
+  /// The algorithm calculates an optimal matching and a proof of the
+  /// optimality. The solution of the dual problem can be used to check
+  /// the result of the algorithm. The dual linear problem is the
+  /** \f[ y_u + y_v + \sum_{B \in \mathcal{O}, uv \in \gamma(B)}z_B \ge
+      w_{uv} \quad \forall uv\in E\f] */
+  /// \f[z_B \ge 0 \quad \forall B \in \mathcal{O}\f]
+  /** \f[\min \sum_{u \in V}y_u + \sum_{B \in \mathcal{O}}
+      \frac{\vert B \vert - 1}{2}z_B\f] */
+  ///
+  /// The algorithm can be executed with \c run() or the \c init() and
+  /// then the \c start() member functions. After it the matching can
+  /// be asked with \c matching() or mate() functions. The dual
+  /// solution can be get with \c nodeValue(), \c blossomNum() and \c
+  /// blossomValue() members and \ref MaxWeightedMatching::BlossomIt
+  /// "BlossomIt" nested class which is able to iterate on the nodes
+  /// of a blossom. If the value type is integral then the dual
+  /// solution is multiplied by \ref MaxWeightedMatching::dualScale "4".
+  template <typename _Graph,
+            typename _WeightMap = typename _Graph::template EdgeMap<int> >
+  class MaxWeightedPerfectMatching {
+  public:
+
+    typedef _Graph Graph;
+    typedef _WeightMap WeightMap;
+    typedef typename WeightMap::Value Value;
+
+    /// \brief Scaling factor for dual solution
+    ///
+    /// Scaling factor for dual solution, it is equal to 4 or 1
+    /// according to the value type.
+    static const int dualScale =
+      std::numeric_limits<Value>::is_integer ? 4 : 1;
+
+    typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<typename Graph::Arc>
+    MatchingMap;
+
+  private:
+
+    TEMPLATE_GRAPH_TYPEDEFS(Graph);
+
+    typedef typename Graph::template NodeMap<Value> NodePotential;
+    typedef std::vector<Node> BlossomNodeList;
+
+    struct BlossomVariable {
+      int begin, end;
+      Value value;
+
+      BlossomVariable(int _begin, int _end, Value _value)
+        : begin(_begin), end(_end), value(_value) {}
+
+    };
+
+    typedef std::vector<BlossomVariable> BlossomPotential;
+
+    const Graph& _graph;
+    const WeightMap& _weight;
+
+    MatchingMap* _matching;
+
+    NodePotential* _node_potential;
+
+    BlossomPotential _blossom_potential;
+    BlossomNodeList _blossom_node_list;
+
+    int _node_num;
+    int _blossom_num;
+
+    typedef RangeMap<int> IntIntMap;
+
+    enum Status {
+      EVEN = -1, MATCHED = 0, ODD = 1
+    };
+
+    typedef HeapUnionFind<Value, IntNodeMap> BlossomSet;
+    struct BlossomData {
+      int tree;
+      Status status;
+      Arc pred, next;
+      Value pot, offset;
+    };
+
+    IntNodeMap *_blossom_index;
+    BlossomSet *_blossom_set;
+    RangeMap<BlossomData>* _blossom_data;
+
+    IntNodeMap *_node_index;
+    IntArcMap *_node_heap_index;
+
+    struct NodeData {
+
+      NodeData(IntArcMap& node_heap_index)
+        : heap(node_heap_index) {}
+
+      int blossom;
+      Value pot;
+      BinHeap<Value, IntArcMap> heap;
+      std::map<int, Arc> heap_index;
+
+      int tree;
+    };
+
+    RangeMap<NodeData>* _node_data;
+
+    typedef ExtendFindEnum<IntIntMap> TreeSet;
+
+    IntIntMap *_tree_set_index;
+    TreeSet *_tree_set;
+
+    IntIntMap *_delta2_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap> *_delta2;
+
+    IntEdgeMap *_delta3_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntEdgeMap> *_delta3;
+
+    IntIntMap *_delta4_index;
+    BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap> *_delta4;
+
+    Value _delta_sum;
+
+    void createStructures() {
+      _node_num = countNodes(_graph);
+      _blossom_num = _node_num * 3 / 2;
+
+      if (!_matching) {
+        _matching = new MatchingMap(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_node_potential) {
+        _node_potential = new NodePotential(_graph);
+      }
+      if (!_blossom_set) {
+        _blossom_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _blossom_set = new BlossomSet(*_blossom_index);
+        _blossom_data = new RangeMap<BlossomData>(_blossom_num);
+      }
+
+      if (!_node_index) {
+        _node_index = new IntNodeMap(_graph);
+        _node_heap_index = new IntArcMap(_graph);
+        _node_data = new RangeMap<NodeData>(_node_num,
+                                            NodeData(*_node_heap_index));
+      }
+
+      if (!_tree_set) {
+        _tree_set_index = new IntIntMap(_blossom_num);
+        _tree_set = new TreeSet(*_tree_set_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta2) {
+        _delta2_index = new IntIntMap(_blossom_num);
+        _delta2 = new BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap>(*_delta2_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta3) {
+        _delta3_index = new IntEdgeMap(_graph);
+        _delta3 = new BinHeap<Value, IntEdgeMap>(*_delta3_index);
+      }
+      if (!_delta4) {
+        _delta4_index = new IntIntMap(_blossom_num);
+        _delta4 = new BinHeap<Value, IntIntMap>(*_delta4_index);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void destroyStructures() {
+      _node_num = countNodes(_graph);
+      _blossom_num = _node_num * 3 / 2;
+
+      if (_matching) {
+        delete _matching;
+      }
+      if (_node_potential) {
+        delete _node_potential;
+      }
+      if (_blossom_set) {
+        delete _blossom_index;
+        delete _blossom_set;
+        delete _blossom_data;
+      }
+
+      if (_node_index) {
+        delete _node_index;
+        delete _node_heap_index;
+        delete _node_data;
+      }
+
+      if (_tree_set) {
+        delete _tree_set_index;
+        delete _tree_set;
+      }
+      if (_delta2) {
+        delete _delta2_index;
+        delete _delta2;
+      }
+      if (_delta3) {
+        delete _delta3_index;
+        delete _delta3;
+      }
+      if (_delta4) {
+        delete _delta4_index;
+        delete _delta4;
+      }
+    }
+
+    void matchedToEven(int blossom, int tree) {
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot -=
+          2 * (_delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+
+        _blossom_set->increase(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.clear();
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].pot += _delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset;
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP && blossom != vb) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw / 2);
+            }
+          } else {
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.find(tree);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.end()) {
+              if ((*_node_data)[vi].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.replace(it->second, e);
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.decrease(e, rw);
+                it->second = e;
+              }
+            } else {
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap.push(e, rw);
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(tree, e));
+            }
+
+            if ((*_blossom_set)[v] > (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio()) {
+              _blossom_set->decrease(v, (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio());
+
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == MATCHED) {
+                if (_delta2->state(vb) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                  _delta2->push(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                               (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[vb] > _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset){
+                  _delta2->decrease(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    void matchedToOdd(int blossom) {
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset += _delta_sum;
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        _delta4->push(blossom, (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot / 2 +
+                     (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void evenToMatched(int blossom, int tree) {
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot += 2 * _delta_sum;
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+        (*_node_data)[ni].pot -= _delta_sum;
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if (vb == blossom) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+          } else if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+
+            if (_delta3->state(e) == _delta3->IN_HEAP) {
+              _delta3->erase(e);
+            }
+
+            int vt = _tree_set->find(vb);
+
+            if (vt != tree) {
+
+              Arc r = _graph.oppositeArc(e);
+
+              typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.find(vt);
+
+              if (it != (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.end()) {
+                if ((*_node_data)[ni].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                  (*_node_data)[ni].heap.replace(it->second, r);
+                  (*_node_data)[ni].heap.decrease(r, rw);
+                  it->second = r;
+                }
+              } else {
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap.push(r, rw);
+                (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(vt, r));
+              }
+
+              if ((*_blossom_set)[n] > (*_node_data)[ni].heap.prio()) {
+                _blossom_set->decrease(n, (*_node_data)[ni].heap.prio());
+
+                if (_delta2->state(blossom) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                  _delta2->push(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                               (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[blossom] >
+                           _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset){
+                  _delta2->decrease(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          } else {
+
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.find(tree);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.end()) {
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap.erase(it->second);
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.erase(it);
+              if ((*_node_data)[vi].heap.empty()) {
+                _blossom_set->increase(v, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+              } else if ((*_blossom_set)[v] < (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio()) {
+                _blossom_set->increase(v, (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio());
+              }
+
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == MATCHED) {
+                if (_blossom_set->classPrio(vb) ==
+                    std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+                  _delta2->erase(vb);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[vb] < _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset) {
+                  _delta2->increase(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    void oddToMatched(int blossom) {
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset -= _delta_sum;
+
+      if (_blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) !=
+          std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+        _delta2->push(blossom, _blossom_set->classPrio(blossom) -
+                       (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        _delta4->erase(blossom);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void oddToEven(int blossom, int tree) {
+      if (!_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        _delta4->erase(blossom);
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot -=
+          2 * (2 * _delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset);
+      }
+
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossom);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        int ni = (*_node_index)[n];
+
+        _blossom_set->increase(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].heap_index.clear();
+        (*_node_data)[ni].pot +=
+          2 * _delta_sum - (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset;
+
+        for (InArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          Node v = _graph.source(e);
+          int vb = _blossom_set->find(v);
+          int vi = (*_node_index)[v];
+
+          Value rw = (*_node_data)[ni].pot + (*_node_data)[vi].pot -
+            dualScale * _weight[e];
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == EVEN) {
+            if (_delta3->state(e) != _delta3->IN_HEAP && blossom != vb) {
+              _delta3->push(e, rw / 2);
+            }
+          } else {
+
+            typename std::map<int, Arc>::iterator it =
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.find(tree);
+
+            if (it != (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.end()) {
+              if ((*_node_data)[vi].heap[it->second] > rw) {
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.replace(it->second, e);
+                (*_node_data)[vi].heap.decrease(e, rw);
+                it->second = e;
+              }
+            } else {
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap.push(e, rw);
+              (*_node_data)[vi].heap_index.insert(std::make_pair(tree, e));
+            }
+
+            if ((*_blossom_set)[v] > (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio()) {
+              _blossom_set->decrease(v, (*_node_data)[vi].heap.prio());
+
+              if ((*_blossom_data)[vb].status == MATCHED) {
+                if (_delta2->state(vb) != _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+                  _delta2->push(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                               (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                } else if ((*_delta2)[vb] > _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                           (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset) {
+                  _delta2->decrease(vb, _blossom_set->classPrio(vb) -
+                                   (*_blossom_data)[vb].offset);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    void alternatePath(int even, int tree) {
+      int odd;
+
+      evenToMatched(even, tree);
+      (*_blossom_data)[even].status = MATCHED;
+
+      while ((*_blossom_data)[even].pred != INVALID) {
+        odd = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[even].pred));
+        (*_blossom_data)[odd].status = MATCHED;
+        oddToMatched(odd);
+        (*_blossom_data)[odd].next = (*_blossom_data)[odd].pred;
+
+        even = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[odd].pred));
+        (*_blossom_data)[even].status = MATCHED;
+        evenToMatched(even, tree);
+        (*_blossom_data)[even].next =
+          _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[odd].pred);
+      }
+
+    }
+
+    void destroyTree(int tree) {
+      for (TreeSet::ItemIt b(*_tree_set, tree); b != INVALID; ++b) {
+        if ((*_blossom_data)[b].status == EVEN) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[b].status = MATCHED;
+          evenToMatched(b, tree);
+        } else if ((*_blossom_data)[b].status == ODD) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[b].status = MATCHED;
+          oddToMatched(b);
+        }
+      }
+      _tree_set->eraseClass(tree);
+    }
+
+    void augmentOnEdge(const Edge& edge) {
+
+      int left = _blossom_set->find(_graph.u(edge));
+      int right = _blossom_set->find(_graph.v(edge));
+
+      int left_tree = _tree_set->find(left);
+      alternatePath(left, left_tree);
+      destroyTree(left_tree);
+
+      int right_tree = _tree_set->find(right);
+      alternatePath(right, right_tree);
+      destroyTree(right_tree);
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[left].next = _graph.direct(edge, true);
+      (*_blossom_data)[right].next = _graph.direct(edge, false);
+    }
+
+    void extendOnArc(const Arc& arc) {
+      int base = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target(arc));
+      int tree = _tree_set->find(base);
+
+      int odd = _blossom_set->find(_graph.source(arc));
+      _tree_set->insert(odd, tree);
+      (*_blossom_data)[odd].status = ODD;
+      matchedToOdd(odd);
+      (*_blossom_data)[odd].pred = arc;
+
+      int even = _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[odd].next));
+      (*_blossom_data)[even].pred = (*_blossom_data)[even].next;
+      _tree_set->insert(even, tree);
+      (*_blossom_data)[even].status = EVEN;
+      matchedToEven(even, tree);
+    }
+
+    void shrinkOnEdge(const Edge& edge, int tree) {
+      int nca = -1;
+      std::vector<int> left_path, right_path;
+
+      {
+        std::set<int> left_set, right_set;
+        int left = _blossom_set->find(_graph.u(edge));
+        left_path.push_back(left);
+        left_set.insert(left);
+
+        int right = _blossom_set->find(_graph.v(edge));
+        right_path.push_back(right);
+        right_set.insert(right);
+
+        while (true) {
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[left].pred == INVALID) break;
+
+          left =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[left].pred));
+          left_path.push_back(left);
+          left =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[left].pred));
+          left_path.push_back(left);
+
+          left_set.insert(left);
+
+          if (right_set.find(left) != right_set.end()) {
+            nca = left;
+            break;
+          }
+
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[right].pred == INVALID) break;
+
+          right =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[right].pred));
+          right_path.push_back(right);
+          right =
+            _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[right].pred));
+          right_path.push_back(right);
+
+          right_set.insert(right);
+
+          if (left_set.find(right) != left_set.end()) {
+            nca = right;
+            break;
+          }
+
+        }
+
+        if (nca == -1) {
+          if ((*_blossom_data)[left].pred == INVALID) {
+            nca = right;
+            while (left_set.find(nca) == left_set.end()) {
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              right_path.push_back(nca);
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              right_path.push_back(nca);
+            }
+          } else {
+            nca = left;
+            while (right_set.find(nca) == right_set.end()) {
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              left_path.push_back(nca);
+              nca =
+                _blossom_set->find(_graph.target((*_blossom_data)[nca].pred));
+              left_path.push_back(nca);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      std::vector<int> subblossoms;
+      Arc prev;
+
+      prev = _graph.direct(edge, true);
+      for (int i = 0; left_path[i] != nca; i += 2) {
+        subblossoms.push_back(left_path[i]);
+        (*_blossom_data)[left_path[i]].next = prev;
+        _tree_set->erase(left_path[i]);
+
+        subblossoms.push_back(left_path[i + 1]);
+        (*_blossom_data)[left_path[i + 1]].status = EVEN;
+        oddToEven(left_path[i + 1], tree);
+        _tree_set->erase(left_path[i + 1]);
+        prev = _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[left_path[i + 1]].pred);
+      }
+
+      int k = 0;
+      while (right_path[k] != nca) ++k;
+
+      subblossoms.push_back(nca);
+      (*_blossom_data)[nca].next = prev;
+
+      for (int i = k - 2; i >= 0; i -= 2) {
+        subblossoms.push_back(right_path[i + 1]);
+        (*_blossom_data)[right_path[i + 1]].status = EVEN;
+        oddToEven(right_path[i + 1], tree);
+        _tree_set->erase(right_path[i + 1]);
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[right_path[i + 1]].next =
+          (*_blossom_data)[right_path[i + 1]].pred;
+
+        subblossoms.push_back(right_path[i]);
+        _tree_set->erase(right_path[i]);
+      }
+
+      int surface =
+        _blossom_set->join(subblossoms.begin(), subblossoms.end());
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < int(subblossoms.size()); ++i) {
+        if (!_blossom_set->trivial(subblossoms[i])) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].pot += 2 * _delta_sum;
+        }
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].status = MATCHED;
+      }
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].pot = -2 * _delta_sum;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].offset = 0;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].status = EVEN;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].pred = (*_blossom_data)[nca].pred;
+      (*_blossom_data)[surface].next = (*_blossom_data)[nca].pred;
+
+      _tree_set->insert(surface, tree);
+      _tree_set->erase(nca);
+    }
+
+    void splitBlossom(int blossom) {
+      Arc next = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].next;
+      Arc pred = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pred;
+
+      int tree = _tree_set->find(blossom);
+
+      (*_blossom_data)[blossom].status = MATCHED;
+      oddToMatched(blossom);
+      if (_delta2->state(blossom) == _delta2->IN_HEAP) {
+        _delta2->erase(blossom);
+      }
+
+      std::vector<int> subblossoms;
+      _blossom_set->split(blossom, std::back_inserter(subblossoms));
+
+      Value offset = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset;
+      int b = _blossom_set->find(_graph.source(pred));
+      int d = _blossom_set->find(_graph.source(next));
+
+      int ib = -1, id = -1;
+      for (int i = 0; i < int(subblossoms.size()); ++i) {
+        if (subblossoms[i] == b) ib = i;
+        if (subblossoms[i] == d) id = i;
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].offset = offset;
+        if (!_blossom_set->trivial(subblossoms[i])) {
+          (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].pot -= 2 * offset;
+        }
+        if (_blossom_set->classPrio(subblossoms[i]) !=
+            std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+          _delta2->push(subblossoms[i],
+                        _blossom_set->classPrio(subblossoms[i]) -
+                        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[i]].offset);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (id > ib ? ((id - ib) % 2 == 0) : ((ib - id) % 2 == 1)) {
+        for (int i = (id + 1) % subblossoms.size();
+             i != ib; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = ib; i != id; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          int ub = subblossoms[(i + 2) % subblossoms.size()];
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].status = ODD;
+          matchedToOdd(sb);
+          _tree_set->insert(sb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].pred = pred;
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next =
+                           _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+
+          pred = (*_blossom_data)[ub].next;
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].status = EVEN;
+          matchedToEven(tb, tree);
+          _tree_set->insert(tb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].pred = (*_blossom_data)[tb].next;
+        }
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[id]].status = ODD;
+        matchedToOdd(subblossoms[id]);
+        _tree_set->insert(subblossoms[id], tree);
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[id]].next = next;
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[id]].pred = pred;
+
+      } else {
+
+        for (int i = (ib + 1) % subblossoms.size();
+             i != id; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+        }
+
+        for (int i = id; i != ib; i = (i + 2) % subblossoms.size()) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[i];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+          int ub = subblossoms[(i + 2) % subblossoms.size()];
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].status = ODD;
+          matchedToOdd(sb);
+          _tree_set->insert(sb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].next = next;
+          (*_blossom_data)[sb].pred =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[tb].next);
+
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].status = EVEN;
+          matchedToEven(tb, tree);
+          _tree_set->insert(tb, tree);
+          (*_blossom_data)[tb].pred =
+            (*_blossom_data)[tb].next =
+            _graph.oppositeArc((*_blossom_data)[ub].next);
+          next = (*_blossom_data)[ub].next;
+        }
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[ib]].status = ODD;
+        matchedToOdd(subblossoms[ib]);
+        _tree_set->insert(subblossoms[ib], tree);
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[ib]].next = next;
+        (*_blossom_data)[subblossoms[ib]].pred = pred;
+      }
+      _tree_set->erase(blossom);
+    }
+
+    void extractBlossom(int blossom, const Node& base, const Arc& matching) {
+      if (_blossom_set->trivial(blossom)) {
+        int bi = (*_node_index)[base];
+        Value pot = (*_node_data)[bi].pot;
+
+        _matching->set(base, matching);
+        _blossom_node_list.push_back(base);
+        _node_potential->set(base, pot);
+      } else {
+
+        Value pot = (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot;
+        int bn = _blossom_node_list.size();
+
+        std::vector<int> subblossoms;
+        _blossom_set->split(blossom, std::back_inserter(subblossoms));
+        int b = _blossom_set->find(base);
+        int ib = -1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < int(subblossoms.size()); ++i) {
+          if (subblossoms[i] == b) { ib = i; break; }
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 1; i < int(subblossoms.size()); i += 2) {
+          int sb = subblossoms[(ib + i) % subblossoms.size()];
+          int tb = subblossoms[(ib + i + 1) % subblossoms.size()];
+
+          Arc m = (*_blossom_data)[tb].next;
+          extractBlossom(sb, _graph.target(m), _graph.oppositeArc(m));
+          extractBlossom(tb, _graph.source(m), m);
+        }
+        extractBlossom(subblossoms[ib], base, matching);
+
+        int en = _blossom_node_list.size();
+
+        _blossom_potential.push_back(BlossomVariable(bn, en, pot));
+      }
+    }
+
+    void extractMatching() {
+      std::vector<int> blossoms;
+      for (typename BlossomSet::ClassIt c(*_blossom_set); c != INVALID; ++c) {
+        blossoms.push_back(c);
+      }
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < int(blossoms.size()); ++i) {
+
+        Value offset = (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].offset;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].pot += 2 * offset;
+        for (typename BlossomSet::ItemIt n(*_blossom_set, blossoms[i]);
+             n != INVALID; ++n) {
+          (*_node_data)[(*_node_index)[n]].pot -= offset;
+        }
+
+        Arc matching = (*_blossom_data)[blossoms[i]].next;
+        Node base = _graph.source(matching);
+        extractBlossom(blossoms[i], base, matching);
+      }
+    }
+
+  public:
+
+    /// \brief Constructor
+    ///
+    /// Constructor.
+    MaxWeightedPerfectMatching(const Graph& graph, const WeightMap& weight)
+      : _graph(graph), _weight(weight), _matching(0),
+        _node_potential(0), _blossom_potential(), _blossom_node_list(),
+        _node_num(0), _blossom_num(0),
+
+        _blossom_index(0), _blossom_set(0), _blossom_data(0),
+        _node_index(0), _node_heap_index(0), _node_data(0),
+        _tree_set_index(0), _tree_set(0),
+
+        _delta2_index(0), _delta2(0),
+        _delta3_index(0), _delta3(0),
+        _delta4_index(0), _delta4(0),
+
+        _delta_sum() {}
+
+    ~MaxWeightedPerfectMatching() {
+      destroyStructures();
+    }
+
+    /// \name Execution control
+    /// The simplest way to execute the algorithm is to use the member
+    /// \c run() member function.
+
+    ///@{
+
+    /// \brief Initialize the algorithm
+    ///
+    /// Initialize the algorithm
+    void init() {
+      createStructures();
+
+      for (ArcIt e(_graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+        _node_heap_index->set(e, BinHeap<Value, IntArcMap>::PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+      for (EdgeIt e(_graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+        _delta3_index->set(e, _delta3->PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+      for (int i = 0; i < _blossom_num; ++i) {
+        _delta2_index->set(i, _delta2->PRE_HEAP);
+        _delta4_index->set(i, _delta4->PRE_HEAP);
+      }
+
+      int index = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        Value max = - std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+        for (OutArcIt e(_graph, n); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+          if (_graph.target(e) == n) continue;
+          if ((dualScale * _weight[e]) / 2 > max) {
+            max = (dualScale * _weight[e]) / 2;
+          }
+        }
+        _node_index->set(n, index);
+        (*_node_data)[index].pot = max;
+        int blossom =
+          _blossom_set->insert(n, std::numeric_limits<Value>::max());
+
+        _tree_set->insert(blossom);
+
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].status = EVEN;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pred = INVALID;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].next = INVALID;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].pot = 0;
+        (*_blossom_data)[blossom].offset = 0;
+        ++index;
+      }
+      for (EdgeIt e(_graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+        int si = (*_node_index)[_graph.u(e)];
+        int ti = (*_node_index)[_graph.v(e)];
+        if (_graph.u(e) != _graph.v(e)) {
+          _delta3->push(e, ((*_node_data)[si].pot + (*_node_data)[ti].pot -
+                            dualScale * _weight[e]) / 2);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Starts the algorithm
+    ///
+    /// Starts the algorithm
+    bool start() {
+      enum OpType {
+        D2, D3, D4
+      };
+
+      int unmatched = _node_num;
+      while (unmatched > 0) {
+        Value d2 = !_delta2->empty() ?
+          _delta2->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        Value d3 = !_delta3->empty() ?
+          _delta3->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        Value d4 = !_delta4->empty() ?
+          _delta4->prio() : std::numeric_limits<Value>::max();
+
+        _delta_sum = d2; OpType ot = D2;
+        if (d3 < _delta_sum) { _delta_sum = d3; ot = D3; }
+        if (d4 < _delta_sum) { _delta_sum = d4; ot = D4; }
+
+        if (_delta_sum == std::numeric_limits<Value>::max()) {
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        switch (ot) {
+        case D2:
+          {
+            int blossom = _delta2->top();
+            Node n = _blossom_set->classTop(blossom);
+            Arc e = (*_node_data)[(*_node_index)[n]].heap.top();
+            extendOnArc(e);
+          }
+          break;
+        case D3:
+          {
+            Edge e = _delta3->top();
+
+            int left_blossom = _blossom_set->find(_graph.u(e));
+            int right_blossom = _blossom_set->find(_graph.v(e));
+
+            if (left_blossom == right_blossom) {
+              _delta3->pop();
+            } else {
+              int left_tree = _tree_set->find(left_blossom);
+              int right_tree = _tree_set->find(right_blossom);
+
+              if (left_tree == right_tree) {
+                shrinkOnEdge(e, left_tree);
+              } else {
+                augmentOnEdge(e);
+                unmatched -= 2;
+              }
+            }
+          } break;
+        case D4:
+          splitBlossom(_delta4->top());
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      extractMatching();
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Runs %MaxWeightedPerfectMatching algorithm.
+    ///
+    /// This method runs the %MaxWeightedPerfectMatching algorithm.
+    ///
+    /// \note mwm.run() is just a shortcut of the following code.
+    /// \code
+    ///   mwm.init();
+    ///   mwm.start();
+    /// \endcode
+    bool run() {
+      init();
+      return start();
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+    /// \name Primal solution
+    /// Functions for get the primal solution, ie. the matching.
+
+    /// @{
+
+    /// \brief Returns the matching value.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the matching value.
+    Value matchingValue() const {
+      Value sum = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if ((*_matching)[n] != INVALID) {
+          sum += _weight[(*_matching)[n]];
+        }
+      }
+      return sum /= 2;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns true when the edge is in the matching.
+    ///
+    /// Returns true when the edge is in the matching.
+    bool matching(const Edge& edge) const {
+      return static_cast<const Edge&>((*_matching)[_graph.u(edge)]) == edge;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the incident matching edge.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the incident matching arc from given edge.
+    Arc matching(const Node& node) const {
+      return (*_matching)[node];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the mate of the node.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the adjancent node in a mathcing arc.
+    Node mate(const Node& node) const {
+      return _graph.target((*_matching)[node]);
+    }
+
+    /// @}
+
+    /// \name Dual solution
+    /// Functions for get the dual solution.
+
+    /// @{
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value of the dual solution.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the value of the dual solution. It should be equal to
+    /// the primal value scaled by \ref dualScale "dual scale".
+    Value dualValue() const {
+      Value sum = 0;
+      for (NodeIt n(_graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        sum += nodeValue(n);
+      }
+      for (int i = 0; i < blossomNum(); ++i) {
+        sum += blossomValue(i) * (blossomSize(i) / 2);
+      }
+      return sum;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value of the node.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the the value of the node.
+    Value nodeValue(const Node& n) const {
+      return (*_node_potential)[n];
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of the blossoms in the basis.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the number of the blossoms in the basis.
+    /// \see BlossomIt
+    int blossomNum() const {
+      return _blossom_potential.size();
+    }
+
+
+    /// \brief Returns the number of the nodes in the blossom.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the number of the nodes in the blossom.
+    int blossomSize(int k) const {
+      return _blossom_potential[k].end - _blossom_potential[k].begin;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Returns the value of the blossom.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the the value of the blossom.
+    /// \see BlossomIt
+    Value blossomValue(int k) const {
+      return _blossom_potential[k].value;
+    }
+
+    /// \brief Lemon iterator for get the items of the blossom.
+    ///
+    /// Lemon iterator for get the nodes of the blossom. This class
+    /// provides a common style lemon iterator which gives back a
+    /// subset of the nodes.
+    class BlossomIt {
+    public:
+
+      /// \brief Constructor.
+      ///
+      /// Constructor for get the nodes of the variable.
+      BlossomIt(const MaxWeightedPerfectMatching& algorithm, int variable)
+        : _algorithm(&algorithm)
+      {
+        _index = _algorithm->_blossom_potential[variable].begin;
+        _last = _algorithm->_blossom_potential[variable].end;
+      }
+
+      /// \brief Conversion to node.
+      ///
+      /// Conversion to node.
+      operator Node() const {
+        return _algorithm->_blossom_node_list[_index];
+      }
+
+      /// \brief Increment operator.
+      ///
+      /// Increment operator.
+      BlossomIt& operator++() {
+        ++_index;
+        return *this;
+      }
+
+      /// \brief Validity checking
+      ///
+      /// Checks whether the iterator is invalid.
+      bool operator==(Invalid) const { return _index == _last; }
+
+      /// \brief Validity checking
+      ///
+      /// Checks whether the iterator is valid.
+      bool operator!=(Invalid) const { return _index != _last; }
+
+    private:
+      const MaxWeightedPerfectMatching* _algorithm;
+      int _last;
+      int _index;
+    };
+
+    /// @}
+
+  };
+
+
+} //END OF NAMESPACE LEMON
+
+#endif //LEMON_MAX_MATCHING_H

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -16 +16 @@
   heap_test
   kruskal_test
   maps_test
+  max_matching_test
   random_test
   path_test
   time_measure_test

test/Makefile.am

@@ -19 +19 @@
         test/heap_test \
         test/kruskal_test \
         test/maps_test \
+        test/max_matching_test \
         test/random_test \
         test/path_test \
         test/test_tools_fail \
@@ -42 +43 @@
 test_heap_test_SOURCES = test/heap_test.cc
 test_kruskal_test_SOURCES = test/kruskal_test.cc
 test_maps_test_SOURCES = test/maps_test.cc
+test_max_matching_test_SOURCES = test/max_matching_test.cc
 test_path_test_SOURCES = test/path_test.cc
 test_random_test_SOURCES = test/random_test.cc
 test_test_tools_fail_SOURCES = test/test_tools_fail.cc

new file test/max_matching_test.cc

@@ +1 @@
+/* -*- mode: C++; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
+ *
+ * This file is a part of LEMON, a generic C++ optimization library.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2003-2008
+ * Egervary Jeno Kombinatorikus Optimalizalasi Kutatocsoport
+ * (Egervary Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, EGRES).
+ *
+ * Permission to use, modify and distribute this software is granted
+ * provided that this copyright notice appears in all copies. For
+ * precise terms see the accompanying LICENSE file.
+ *
+ * This software is provided "AS IS" with no warranty of any kind,
+ * express or implied, and with no claim as to its suitability for any
+ * purpose.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <queue>
+#include <lemon/math.h>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include <lemon/max_matching.h>
+#include <lemon/smart_graph.h>
+#include <lemon/lgf_reader.h>
+
+#include "test_tools.h"
+
+using namespace std;
+using namespace lemon;
+
+GRAPH_TYPEDEFS(SmartGraph);
+
+
+const int lgfn = 3;
+const std::string lgf[lgfn] = {
+  "@nodes\n"
+  "label\n"
+  "0\n"
+  "1\n"
+  "2\n"
+  "3\n"
+  "4\n"
+  "5\n"
+  "6\n"
+  "7\n"
+  "@edges\n"
+  "     label  weight\n"
+  "7 4  0      984\n"
+  "0 7  1      73\n"
+  "7 1  2      204\n"
+  "2 3  3      583\n"
+  "2 7  4      565\n"
+  "2 1  5      582\n"
+  "0 4  6      551\n"
+  "2 5  7      385\n"
+  "1 5  8      561\n"
+  "5 3  9      484\n"
+  "7 5  10     904\n"
+  "3 6  11     47\n"
+  "7 6  12     888\n"
+  "3 0  13     747\n"
+  "6 1  14     310\n",
+
+  "@nodes\n"
+  "label\n"
+  "0\n"
+  "1\n"
+  "2\n"
+  "3\n"
+  "4\n"
+  "5\n"
+  "6\n"
+  "7\n"
+  "@edges\n"
+  "     label  weight\n"
+  "2 5  0      710\n"
+  "0 5  1      241\n"
+  "2 4  2      856\n"
+  "2 6  3      762\n"
+  "4 1  4      747\n"
+  "6 1  5      962\n"
+  "4 7  6      723\n"
+  "1 7  7      661\n"
+  "2 3  8      376\n"
+  "1 0  9      416\n"
+  "6 7  10     391\n",
+
+  "@nodes\n"
+  "label\n"
+  "0\n"
+  "1\n"
+  "2\n"
+  "3\n"
+  "4\n"
+  "5\n"
+  "6\n"
+  "7\n"
+  "@edges\n"
+  "     label  weight\n"
+  "6 2  0      553\n"
+  "0 7  1      653\n"
+  "6 3  2      22\n"
+  "4 7  3      846\n"
+  "7 2  4      981\n"
+  "7 6  5      250\n"
+  "5 2  6      539\n",
+};
+
+void checkMatching(const SmartGraph& graph,
+                   const MaxMatching<SmartGraph>& mm) {
+  int num = 0;
+
+  IntNodeMap comp_index(graph);
+  UnionFind<IntNodeMap> comp(comp_index);
+
+  int barrier_num = 0;
+
+  for (NodeIt n(graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+    check(mm.decomposition(n) == MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::EVEN ||
+          mm.matching(n) != INVALID, "Wrong Gallai-Edmonds decomposition");
+    if (mm.decomposition(n) == MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::ODD) {
+      ++barrier_num;
+    } else {
+      comp.insert(n);
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (EdgeIt e(graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+    if (mm.matching(e)) {
+      check(e == mm.matching(graph.u(e)), "Wrong matching");
+      check(e == mm.matching(graph.v(e)), "Wrong matching");
+      ++num;
+    }
+    check(mm.decomposition(graph.u(e)) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::EVEN ||
+          mm.decomposition(graph.v(e)) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::MATCHED,
+          "Wrong Gallai-Edmonds decomposition");
+
+    check(mm.decomposition(graph.v(e)) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::EVEN ||
+          mm.decomposition(graph.u(e)) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::MATCHED,
+          "Wrong Gallai-Edmonds decomposition");
+
+    if (mm.decomposition(graph.u(e)) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::ODD &&
+        mm.decomposition(graph.v(e)) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::ODD) {
+      comp.join(graph.u(e), graph.v(e));
+    }
+  }
+
+  std::set<int> comp_root;
+  int odd_comp_num = 0;
+  for (NodeIt n(graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+    if (mm.decomposition(n) != MaxMatching<SmartGraph>::ODD) {
+      int root = comp.find(n);
+      if (comp_root.find(root) == comp_root.end()) {
+        comp_root.insert(root);
+        if (comp.size(n) % 2 == 1) {
+          ++odd_comp_num;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  check(mm.matchingSize() == num, "Wrong matching");
+  check(2 * num == countNodes(graph) - (odd_comp_num - barrier_num),
+         "Wrong matching");
+  return;
+}
+
+void checkWeightedMatching(const SmartGraph& graph,
+                   const SmartGraph::EdgeMap<int>& weight,
+                   const MaxWeightedMatching<SmartGraph>& mwm) {
+  for (SmartGraph::EdgeIt e(graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+    if (graph.u(e) == graph.v(e)) continue;
+    int rw = mwm.nodeValue(graph.u(e)) + mwm.nodeValue(graph.v(e));
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < mwm.blossomNum(); ++i) {
+      bool s = false, t = false;
+      for (MaxWeightedMatching<SmartGraph>::BlossomIt n(mwm, i);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if (graph.u(e) == n) s = true;
+        if (graph.v(e) == n) t = true;
+      }
+      if (s == true && t == true) {
+        rw += mwm.blossomValue(i);
+      }
+    }
+    rw -= weight[e] * mwm.dualScale;
+
+    check(rw >= 0, "Negative reduced weight");
+    check(rw == 0 || !mwm.matching(e),
+          "Non-zero reduced weight on matching edge");
+  }
+
+  int pv = 0;
+  for (SmartGraph::NodeIt n(graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+    if (mwm.matching(n) != INVALID) {
+      check(mwm.nodeValue(n) >= 0, "Invalid node value");
+      pv += weight[mwm.matching(n)];
+      SmartGraph::Node o = graph.target(mwm.matching(n));
+      check(mwm.mate(n) == o, "Invalid matching");
+      check(mwm.matching(n) == graph.oppositeArc(mwm.matching(o)),
+            "Invalid matching");
+    } else {
+      check(mwm.mate(n) == INVALID, "Invalid matching");
+      check(mwm.nodeValue(n) == 0, "Invalid matching");
+    }
+  }
+
+  int dv = 0;
+  for (SmartGraph::NodeIt n(graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+    dv += mwm.nodeValue(n);
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < mwm.blossomNum(); ++i) {
+    check(mwm.blossomValue(i) >= 0, "Invalid blossom value");
+    check(mwm.blossomSize(i) % 2 == 1, "Even blossom size");
+    dv += mwm.blossomValue(i) * ((mwm.blossomSize(i) - 1) / 2);
+  }
+
+  check(pv * mwm.dualScale == dv * 2, "Wrong duality");
+
+  return;
+}
+
+void checkWeightedPerfectMatching(const SmartGraph& graph,
+                          const SmartGraph::EdgeMap<int>& weight,
+                          const MaxWeightedPerfectMatching<SmartGraph>& mwpm) {
+  for (SmartGraph::EdgeIt e(graph); e != INVALID; ++e) {
+    if (graph.u(e) == graph.v(e)) continue;
+    int rw = mwpm.nodeValue(graph.u(e)) + mwpm.nodeValue(graph.v(e));
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < mwpm.blossomNum(); ++i) {
+      bool s = false, t = false;
+      for (MaxWeightedPerfectMatching<SmartGraph>::BlossomIt n(mwpm, i);
+           n != INVALID; ++n) {
+        if (graph.u(e) == n) s = true;
+        if (graph.v(e) == n) t = true;
+      }
+      if (s == true && t == true) {
+        rw += mwpm.blossomValue(i);
+      }
+    }
+    rw -= weight[e] * mwpm.dualScale;
+
+    check(rw >= 0, "Negative reduced weight");
+    check(rw == 0 || !mwpm.matching(e),
+          "Non-zero reduced weight on matching edge");
+  }
+
+  int pv = 0;
+  for (SmartGraph::NodeIt n(graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+    check(mwpm.matching(n) != INVALID, "Non perfect");
+    pv += weight[mwpm.matching(n)];
+    SmartGraph::Node o = graph.target(mwpm.matching(n));
+    check(mwpm.mate(n) == o, "Invalid matching");
+    check(mwpm.matching(n) == graph.oppositeArc(mwpm.matching(o)),
+          "Invalid matching");
+  }
+
+  int dv = 0;
+  for (SmartGraph::NodeIt n(graph); n != INVALID; ++n) {
+    dv += mwpm.nodeValue(n);
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < mwpm.blossomNum(); ++i) {
+    check(mwpm.blossomValue(i) >= 0, "Invalid blossom value");
+    check(mwpm.blossomSize(i) % 2 == 1, "Even blossom size");
+    dv += mwpm.blossomValue(i) * ((mwpm.blossomSize(i) - 1) / 2);
+  }
+
+  check(pv * mwpm.dualScale == dv * 2, "Wrong duality");
+
+  return;
+}
+
+
+int main() {
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < lgfn; ++i) {
+    SmartGraph graph;
+    SmartGraph::EdgeMap<int> weight(graph);
+
+    istringstream lgfs(lgf[i]);
+    graphReader(graph, lgfs).
+      edgeMap("weight", weight).run();
+
+    MaxMatching<SmartGraph> mm(graph);
+    mm.run();
+    checkMatching(graph, mm);
+
+    MaxWeightedMatching<SmartGraph> mwm(graph, weight);
+    mwm.run();
+    checkWeightedMatching(graph, weight, mwm);
+
+    MaxWeightedPerfectMatching<SmartGraph> mwpm(graph, weight);
+    bool perfect = mwpm.run();
+
+    check(perfect == (mm.matchingSize() * 2 == countNodes(graph)),
+          "Perfect matching found");
+
+    if (perfect) {
+      checkWeightedPerfectMatching(graph, weight, mwpm);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}